The strong case for Proto-Uralic is supported by common vocabulary with regularities in sound correspondences, as well as by the fact that the Uralic languages have many similarities in structure and grammar. The most widely held view is that they originated as a Proto-Uralic language somewhere in the boreal forest belt around the Ural Mountains region and/or the bend of the middle Volga. Several theories exist as to the geographic origin of Finnish and the other Uralic languages. kala 'fish' ~ North Saami guolli ~ Hungarian hal and kadota 'disappear' ~ North Saami guođđit ~ Hungarian hagy 'leave (behind)'. Shared basic vocabulary displaying regular sound correspondences with the other Uralic languages (e.g.causative -tta/-ttä < Proto-Uralic *-k-ta) possessive suffixes such as 1st person singular -ni ( plural markers -t and -i- ( case suffixes such as genitive -n, partitive -(t)a / -(t)ä ( The Finnic group also includes Estonian and a few minority languages spoken around the Baltic Sea and in Russia's Republic of Karelia.įinnish demonstrates an affiliation with other Uralic languages (such as Hungarian) in several respects including:
Vowel length and consonant length are distinguished, and there are a range of diphthongs, although vowel harmony limits which diphthongs are possible.įinnish is a member of the Finnic group of the Uralic family of languages. Finnish orthography uses a Latin-script alphabet derived from the Swedish alphabet, and is phonetic to a great extent. Word order variations are often reserved for differences in information structure. Sentences are normally formed with subject–verb–object word order, although the extensive use of inflection allows them to be ordered differently. Nouns, adjectives, pronouns, numerals and verbs are inflected depending on their role in the sentence.
The Kven language, which like Meänkieli is mutually intelligible with Finnish, is spoken in the Norwegian county Troms og Finnmark by a minority group of Finnish descent.įinnish is typologically agglutinative and uses almost exclusively suffixal affixation. In Sweden, both Finnish and Meänkieli (which has significant mutual intelligibility with Finnish ) are official minority languages. Finnish is one of the two official languages of Finland (the other being Swedish). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.įinnish ( endonym: suomi ( listen) or suomen kieli ) is a Uralic language of the Finnic branch, spoken by the majority of the population in Finland and by ethnic Finns outside of Finland. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. Here is a list of common e:ie stem-changing verbs.This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Notice how the stem doesn’t change in the nosotros and vosotros forms. Notice that the endings are the same for regular verbs and stem-changing verbs. With the second group of stem-changing verbs, the letter e in the stem changes to ie in all forms except the nosotros and vosotros. In the present tense, there are three groups of stem-changing verbs: With some verbs, the stem also changes when you conjugate them. With regular verbs, the stem stays the same, and the ending changes as they are conjugated. In the following examples, the stem is underlined and the ending is in bold.
Infinitives are made up of two parts: the ending and the stem. Remember, there are three types of infinitives: -ar, -er, -ir. Subjunctive VIII: Actions not yet completed Subjunctive III: Verbs that change orthographically Subjunctive II: Conjugating regular and stem-changing verbs
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